BALTIMORE,MD—The Maryland Department of Health announced on Friday the state’s first human case of the West Nile virus for 2025. An adult in central Maryland tested positive for the virus and is now recovering.
The virus is transmitted to humans through mosquitoes that have fed on infected birds. While up to 80% of people infected show no symptoms, the disease can cause serious illness, especially for those with underlying health conditions.
“We are in the season when the West Nile virus and other mosquito-borne viruses can spread in Maryland,” said Dr. Meg Sullivan, Deputy Secretary for Public Health Services. “We urge people to be vigilant and take steps to avoid infection, such as eliminating standing pools of water where mosquitoes can breed.”
West Nile virus was first identified in the U.S. in 1999. In 2024, 18 Maryland residents were confirmed positive for the virus.
Most people who develop symptoms from the virus may experience fever, headache, body aches, and sometimes a rash and swollen lymph nodes. These symptoms can last for days or weeks. People over 50 and those with compromised immune systems are at a higher risk of becoming seriously ill.
To avoid infection, residents are advised to cover exposed skin and use an EPA-registered insect repellent. The health department recommends that people monitor their yards for standing water, which serves as a breeding ground for mosquitoes. Even small amounts of water in a discarded can or clogged gutter can support dozens of mosquitoes.
The Maryland Department of Health initiated a campaign in May to prevent mosquito bites, including a social media toolkit to educate the public.
While the state does not routinely test birds for the virus, sick or injured birds can be reported to a local wildlife rehabilitator. Residents can call 1-877-463-6497 for a list of licensed rehabilitators.
Photo by Jimmy Chan from Pexels
